英语音标拼读规则

元音字母

读 音

例 词

a

在开音节中

[ei]

name plane Jane baby cake

在闭音节中

[æ]

bag dad hat map black back

e

在开音节中

[i:]

hethese meChinese

在闭音节中

[e]

bed let pen desk yesegg

i

在开音节中

[ai]

bike flydrive time nice kite

在闭音节中

[i]

fish big drink sit milk swim

o

在开音节中

[əu]

those close go hoe home no

在闭音节中

[ɔ]

clock not box shop sock

u

在开音节中

[ju:]

student excuse duty Tuesday

在闭音节中

[ʌ ]

bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super

元音字母

读 音

例 词

a

[ə]

China another woman breakfast

[i]

orange comrade village cabbage

e

[ə]

hundred student open weekend

[i]

chicken pocket begin children

i

[i]

holiday beautiful family animal

[ai]

exercise satellite

o

[ə]

second tonight somebody welcome

[əu]

also zero photo

u

[ə]

autumn diffcult

[ju:]

popular congratulation January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate

u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u:]音，例如：July influence February issue

元音字母

读 音

例 词

a在[w]音后面

[ɔ]

want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前

[α:]

after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

i在-nd -ld和gh前

[ai]

find child light high

o在-st -ld前

[əu]

most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前

[ʌ]

come monkey love mother

元音字组

读 音

例 词

arar在[w]音后面

[α:]

car farm dark sharpener

[ɔ:]

warm quarter towards

oror在[w]音后面

[ɔ:]

forty morning short

[ə:]

word worker worse

er ir ur

[ə:]

certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[ə]音，例如：dollar teacher forget Saturday

元音字组

读 音

例 词

are

[εə]

care dare hare

ere

[iə]

here mere

ire

[aiə]

fire hire wire

ore

[ɔ:]

more score before

ure

[juə]

pure cure

　　are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[tʃə]音或[ʒə]，例如：picture pleasure

　　重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring

　　某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph 

元音字组

读 音

例 词

ai/ay

[ei]

afraid rain wait day play

air

[εə]

air hair chair pair repair

al

al在f m前

[ɔ:l]

small ball talk wall all

[ɔ:l]

always also salt almost

[α:]

half calm

au/aw

[ɔ:]

autumn daughter draw

ea

[i:]

teach easy cheap please

[e]

heavy bread sweater weather

[ei]

break great

ear

[iə]

hear dear near clear year

[εə]

bear pear wear swear

[ə:]

earth learn early

ee

[i:]

jeep week green three

eer

[iə]

pioneer deer beer

ei/ey

[ei]

eight neighbour they

[i:]

either   key

eu/ew在j l r s后

[ju:]

new few newspaper

[u:]

flew brew jewelry

ie/ei[s]音之后

[i:]

piece field receive

oa

[əu]

coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor

[ɔ:]

roar board door floor

oi/oy

[ɔi]

noise point boy toilet

oo

[u:]

broom food tooth school

[u]

book look cook foot good

ou/ow

[au]

flower house count down

[əu]

know row throw though

[ʌ]

young country enough

[u:]

group you soup

our

[ɔ:]

course your four

[auə]

our hour ours

[ə:]

journey

ui在j l r s后

[ju:i]

fluid suicide tuition suit

[u:]

juice fruit 

元音字组或字群

读 音

例 词

ai/ay ei/ey

[i]

Sunday foreign monkey

ow

[əu]

yellow sparrow tomorrow

-sion -tion

[ʃən]

impression nation

-sion在元音字母后

[ʒən]

vision decision occasion

-tion在s后

[tʃən]

question suggestion

-sten

[sn]

listen

-stle

[sl]

whistle

-sure

[ʒə]

pleasure measure

-ture

[tʃə]

picture culture

　　复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如：　　everyday[ei] 　　handbag[æ]　　blackboard[ɔ:]

　　有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：　　sun太阳  day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday[i] 星期天　　holy神圣  day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday[i] 假日　　break中断  fast[a:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[ə]早餐　　cup茶杯  board木板[ɔ:] ＞ cupboard[ɔ:] 碗柜

辅字组

读 音

例 词

b

[b]

bike bus bag

[/]

bomb tomb  

cc在e前或在i/y前

[k]

cake picture coat music

[s]

face decide cinema

ch

[tʃ]

much chick rich teacher

[k]

school headache chemistry

[ʃ]

machine Chicago

-ck

[k]

cock pocket black knock

d

[d]

doctor bread hand day

-dge

[dʒ]

bridge fridge

dr-

[dr]

children driver drink

f

[f]

five four breakfast

gg在e i/y前

[g]

bag gardon go

[dʒ]

orange large German

gh

[f]

cough enough photo

[/]

light daughter high

gu- -guegu在非重读音节中

[g]

guess league dialogue

[gw]

language anguish

h

[h]

hot head house hand

[/]

hour honest

j

[dʒ]

jeep jar joke join July

k

[k]

kind bike skate make week

kn-

[n]

knife know knock

l

[l]

life milk school tall

m

[m]

monkey come autumn

-mn

[m]

autumn column solemn

nn在[k] [g]音前

[n]

not shine ten note

[ŋ]

uncle thank hungry

-ng

[n]

morning young wrong

p

[p]

paper plane pig ship pen

ph

[f]

elephant photo telephone

q

[k]

Iraq

qu-

[kw]

quality quite

r

[r]

red rubber ruler

s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前

[s]

sit sleep desk

[z]

music husband

sc-

[sk]

scar

[s]

muscle science

sh

[ʃ]

she fish shirt wash

t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前

[t]

ten letter meet

[ʃ]

patient nation

tch

[tʃ]

watch

th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中

[θ]

thin thirty method

 [ð]

the these with than

[ð]

clothe father weather

tr-

[tr]

tree train country truck

v

[v]

very voice love leave

w

[w]

week win wake sweet wait

[/]

answer two

wh-wh-在字母o前

[w]

what when white why

[h]

who whose whole

x在重读元音前

[ks]

box text exercise

[gz]

examle exist exact

wr-

[r]

write

y-

[j]

yes yard yellow young

z

[z]

puzzle zero zoo