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Blinkofaneye10yearshavegone,weusheredinanewyear.Summinguptheworkofthepastyear,fromapersonalpointofviewaboutthemeasurementofawareness.
Qualityisthelife,qualityisthefundamentalguaranteeforenterprisedevelopment.Inthefiercecompetitionintheconstructionmarkettoday,howtoimprovetheconstructionqualitymanagementleveliseveryenterprisemanagersmustthinkabout.Factorsaffectingthequalityofconstructioninallaspects.Fromtheengineeringmeasurementpointofview,analyzetheworkofmeasuringthepay-offtoensureandimprovethequalityoftheconstructionofanimportantrole,andsimplyhowtostrengthenthemanagementofmeasurementworktoimprovethequalityofconstruction.
Itisaveryimportanttechnicalworkofmunicipalroadengineeringthatthemeasuringandmeasuringlineisanimportanttechnicalwork.Itisinseparablefromthewholeprocessofconstruction,fromthepreparationbeforeconstructiontothecompletionoftheconstruction,tothefinalacceptanceafterconstruction.Howtodoaquickandgoodmeasurementoftheline,isabasictechnicalskillsandtestthebasicrequirements.
Dothemeasurementbeforethecommencementoftheend
Beforethestartoftheproject,thesurveyanddesignunitsshallberesponsibleforon-sitesurveyingandsettlementaccordingtothedesigndocuments,andthesitestandardpoint,conductorpilesandcrossingpointpilesshallbeclearlyidentifiedaccordingtothedesigndrawings.Withinthemeasurementofsigns,musttakeappropriateprotectionmeasures.Onthemeasurementoftheend,itisnecessarytoemphasizetheprotectionofpileposition,thatis,inthedesignunitafterpile,shouldbetimelyuseofbrickpiersorpouringcementpierandothermethodstobeprotected,soasnottolose.Thesepilesaregenerallyfarmlandorresidentialareas,itiseasytobeman-madedestruction,andoncedestroyed,letthesurveyanddesignunitstofilltest,thendelaytheconstruction,butalsoincreasethecost.
Midlineretestandedgeloft
Centerlinemeasurementisbasedonthealignmentmeasurement,theroadcenterlineplanepositiononthegroundmarkedindetail.Itisthedifferencewiththealignmentmeasurementis:alignmentmeasurement,buttheintersectionoftheroadandthestraightlinesegmentofthenecessaryturningpointmarkedout,andinthemidlinemeasurement,accordingtotheintersectionandtheturningpointwithaseriesofstakeswillroadstraightSegmentandcurvesegmentsarespecifiedindetailontheground.
Thealignmentsurveyisusuallycarriedoutbythesurveyanddesignunits,andthenthepileandmeasurementresultstotheconstructionside,theconstructionunitbythemiddlelineandconstructionmeasurement.
Subgradeconstructionshouldbefullyrestoredbeforethecenterline,accordingtotherestorationofthepileintheroadandtherelevantprovisionsoftheroadbedsideofthepile.Onthemidlinere-measurementandedgelofting,shouldpayattentiontothefollowingpoints;
Oneshouldpayattentiontothedistancebetweentheintersection,thedirectionisconsistentwiththedrawings;suchasanengineeringprojecthasseveraltenders,shouldpayattentiontothecenteroftheadjacenttendersareclosed,midlinemeasurementsshouldbein-depthadjacenttenders50~100M;attentionshouldbepaidtothecenterofthestructuresuchasbridgeandculvertisclosed;shouldpayattentiontotherelativepositionofthebuildingandotherbuildingsanddrawingsareconsistent.Ifyoufindproblemsinatimelymannertoidentifythereasonsforthedesignunit.
Second,retainingpileset.Itisveryimportanttosetuppileprotectionpileinthemiddleoftheroad,butthesepilesareeasytobedestroyedduringtheconstruction.Therefore,itisnecessarytocarryouttherestorationandsurveyingworkofthemiddlepileduringtheconstructionoftheroadbed.Inordertoquicklyandaccuratelyrestorethecenterpileintheoriginalposition,mustbeontheroadbeforetheconstructionofthemaincontrolpointofthepilesuchastheintersectionpoint,turningpoint,curvecontrolpointssetupretainingpile.Theso-calledretainingpile,isoutsidethescopeoftheconstructionisnoteasytobedestroyedwheresomestakessetup.Accordingtothesepile,withsimplemethods(suchastheintersectionpoint,range,etc.),youcanquicklyrestoretheoriginalpilepoint.
Setthepileshouldpayattentiontothefollowingaspects:ineachstraightsectionoftheroad,atleastthreecontrolpilestosetupretainingpile,soevenifthereisacontrolpilecannotberestored,theothertwopointscanbeusedtorestorethestraightsectionTotheoriginalposition;theintersectionangleofthetwodirectionlinesascloseaspossibleto90°,shouldnotbelessthan30°angleofintersection;retainingpileshouldbeselectedoutsidethescopeofconstruction,butnottoofaraway;Piledistancecannotbetoofar;Theretainingpilemustbesolidandreliable,piletofacilitatetheerectionofmeasuringinstrumentsandobservation.
Setupretainingpileofcurveside.Forthecurvesegment,becauseofthemoredifficulttodeterminethesideofthepile,re-measuringtime-consumingmore,soafterapreciseline,theedgeofthecurvesectionofthepilepileshouldalsobesetrepresentativepile,whichcanreduceRepeatthemeasurement,reducingthemeasurementworkload.
Third,thelayingofmileagepile.Afterthemidlinepileisfixed,itispossibletolayoutthecontrolpileofthemileagepileonthisbasis.Mileagepilelayoutprincipleis:inthestraightsection,generallyarrangedinevery100metersoftheentirepileofcross-section,similartothecommonroadconstruction100meterspilelayout;inthecurvesectionofthepiletobeproperlyencrypted,inthecurveMileagepilecanbelargestakes,abovethemileagemarkwithpaintorinkstation,intotheroadoutsidethescopeofconstructiononbothsidesoftheground,itisbesttoplayoneachsideofa.Toensurethattheconstructionisnoteasytodamagethecase,fromtheembankmentedgeshouldbeascloseaspossibletofacilitatetheuse,generally1to2meters.
Thelayingofmileagepilesisnotaddressedinmostofthesurveyingandsetting-outsectionsoftheConstructionManual,andisnottakenintoaccountatmanysites.Ifoundinsomesites,someconstructiontechniciansintheconstructionsurvey,thedeterminationofthedistancestationisalongdistancefromafootafootrowover,notonlyawasteoftimeandpronetocumulativeerror.Ifthemileagestakesarenotallowed,thentheelevation,slopequalitycontrolisoutofthequestion.
Third,theproofreadingandadditionalstandardpoint
First,theuseofdesignunitssetupbeforethestandardpointshouldbecarefullychecked,closethegapmaynotexceedthelimit,suchasexceedingtheallowabledeviationshouldidentifythereasonsandpromptlyreportedtotherelevantdepartments.Thedesignunitdeliversthelevelingpointsnormallysetseveralmonthsago.Thesepointsinthefieldcaneasilybeman-madecollisionornaturalsubsidenceduetothegroundchanges,sobesuretocarefullyreviewbeforeuse;Second,thestandardpointofadditionalprinciples:thedistanceisgenerally150to200meters,Plustransferstationfortheprinciple.Theadditionalstandardpointshouldbeclosedwiththedesignunittopaythestandardpoint,suchasanengineeringprojectatseveraltenders,butalsowiththeadjacentstandardsegmentofthestandardpointofclosure,theclosuremaynotexceedthelimit.
Thepositionofthelevelingpointshallbelocatedonasolid,non-sinking,non-touchinggroundorasolidbuildingofapermanentbuilding.Canalsobeinstalledintheprotectionofdeep-buriedwoodpilesorconcretepiles,andmakeclearsigns.Thelevelingpointshouldbecheckedonceamonth,andthelevelofthespotwherethemovementissuspectedshouldbecheckedafterre-inspection.
Verticalandhorizontalcross-sectionmeasurement
Throughthemidlinere-test,sidepileslineandthelayingofthestandardpoint,youcanmeasuretheverticalandhorizontalcross-section.Themainpurposeofverticalandhorizontalcross-sectionmeasurementistocalculatetheamountofearth,sotheverticalandhorizontalcross-sectionmeasurementaftertheendofthemeasurementresultsshouldbecheckedwiththedesigndrawings.Wheretheresultswiththeoriginalwithintheallowabledeviation,theoriginalresultsshallprevail,andonlywhentherearesignificantdifferenceswiththeoriginalresults,canbereportedtothesupervisoryengineerafterverificationchanges.Itshouldbenotedthat:theworkmustbecarriedoutbeforeconstruction.Ifthemeasuredamountofearthandthedesigndoesnotconformtothesupervisionoftheapprovalshouldalsobecarriedoutbeforeconstruction.Somesiteexcavationtothesupervisorbeforetheactualamountofearthworkanddesigndoesnotmatch,requireadditionalvisa,butthefinalsupervisionrefused.Sobesuretopayattentiontothetimelinessofthework.