开封市祥符区万隆乡万隆岗遗址和尉氏县洧川镇断头岗遗址，发现了数处新石器早期裴李岗文化遗址，其发掘证明，早在五、六千年前，开封市域内就已经有人类活动。
Deartourists
helloeveryone!WearegoingtoLongtingscenicspotbeforewesetout.Beforearrivingatthescenicspot,XiaoHouwillgiveyouabriefintroductionoftheLongtingscenicspot.
LocatedinthenorthwestcorneroftheancientcityofKaifeng,Longtingscenicspotcoversanareaof88-13hectares.Withtoweringancientbuildingsandvastlakesonbothsides,itisoneofthemostattractivescenicspotsinKaifeng.Asyouknow,Kaifengwasthecapitalofsevendynastiesinhistory,especiallytheNorthernSongDynastyandtheFiveDynasties.ThecapitalofKaifenglasted168years,andtheImperialPalacewaslocatedinthisareanow.AttheendoftheMingDynasty,becauseofthefloodoftheYellowRiver,theDragonPavilionwasgraduallyabandoned.Inthe12thyearofYongzhengreignoftheQingDynasty,WangShijun,governorofHenanProvince,askedhimtobuilda"LongevityPalace"ontheabandonedcoalmountainoftheZhoupalace,whichcontainedtheemperor'smemorialtablet.Thecivilandmilitaryofficialspaidhomagetoitregularly.Becausetheemperorofthefeudaldynastywascalledtherealdragonemperor,thisplacewascalled"DragonPavilion".
Today'sDragonPavilionstillmaintainsthearchitecturalpatternof"LongevityPalace"intheQingDynasty.Onthecentralaxisof500metersfromnorthtosouth,thereareMeridianGate,jadebeltbridge,Songhu,chaomenandDragonPavilionHall.MeridianGateisthegateofLongtingscenicarea,facingsouth,facingthesongDuyustreet.WalkingintothemagnificentMeridianGate,wecanseeabroadavenueinfrontofus.ThefrontendoftheavenueisYudaibridge,whichiscarvedwithwhitemarbleandbluestone.Itis40meterslong,18meterswideand17metershigh.Underthebridge,therearefiveculvertsforcruiseships.Standingonthejadebeltbridge,lookingtothenorthisahugebrickplatform,onwhichstandsthemajesticLongtinghall.LongtinglakeonbothsidesofYudaibridgeisdividedintotwopartsbythemainroad.PanjialakeisontheeastsideandYangjialakeisonthewestside.Thereisafolklegendthat"Yanghulakeisclear,Panhulakeisturbid,andtheloyalofficialsareclearandturbid.".ItissaidthattheYanggeneralsintheNorthernSongDynastymadegreatcontributionstothecountry,buttheemperordidnotdistinguishbetweengoodandevil.AfterYangYewaskilled,sheTaijuntoldtheemperorinthegoldenpalace,buttheemperorshieldedhisministersandonlyremovedpanRenmei'sthreeemptyposts.Shelaotaijunwasangryandledhisfamilytoretire.AftertheYangfamilymovedaway,itrainedheavilyandfloodedthepanandYangfamiliesintoavastocean.Atthattime,thepanfamilywaslocatedintheeastofthelakeandtheYangfamilywaslocatedintheWest.Aftertheheavyrain,thewaterintheEastLakewasturbidandsmelly,butthewaterintheWestLakewasasclearasamirror.SothecommonpeoplethinkthatthisisaportrayalofpanandYang'sloyaltytothecountry.Infact,thisisnottherealreason.ItturnsoutthattherearemanyhouseholdsonbothsidesoftheEastLake,andtherearemanyworkshops.Duetothedischargeofsewage,thewateroftheEastLakebecomesverymuddy,whilethewaterqualityoftheWestLakeisgoodbecausetherearefewhouseholdsontheBankoftheWestLake,sothereislittlepollution.Nowaftertreatment,thetwolakeshavebecomeclear,whichalsoshowstheimportanceofprotectingnature.
Walkingthroughthejadebeltbridge,wewillseeabuildingwithpeculiarshapeandgorgeousdecoration,called"Songhu",whichmeans"Shanhu,Gaohu".Itistheplacewheretheancientcourtierscelebratedtheemperor'sbirthday.EnteringSonghu,wearriveatthefrontofLongtinghall.A72levelstonestepleadsustoLongtinghall,whereagroupofwaxstatuesofZhaoKuangyin,thefounderoftheSongDynasty,feastingcivilandmilitaryofficialsarespeciallydisplayed.IttellsthestoryofZhaoKuangyin,thefoundingemperoroftheNorthernSongDynasty,who"releasedmilitarypowerbydrinking".Atthattime,songTaizuinvitedthegeneralswhohadmadegreatcontributionstothewar.Whenhetookupthewinecup,heexpressedhisemotionbysayingthatitwastoodifficulttobetheemperor,andhecouldn'tsleepallnight.HiswordsmadeShiShouxinandothergeneralsconfused.Heaskedthereason.SongTaizusincerelysaid,oncesomeoneaddstheyellowrobetoyou,can'titbedone?ShiShouxinandotherssuddenlychangedtheirfacesandkneltdowntoeattheirheads.SongTaizuadvisedthemtohandovertheirmilitarypowerandbuymorebeautifulwomentoliveforever.Inthisway,alltheofficialswouldnotdoubtthattheycouldgetalongwitheachother.Thenextday,thesepeopleallsaidtheyweresickandresigned.ZhaoKuangyinachievedhiswishwithoutanyeffort.TheNorthernSongDynastyalsoenteredtheeraofliteratiruling.However,toZhaoKuangyin'ssurprise,althoughheskillfullyregainedmilitarypowerwithaglassofwineandsecuredhisthrone,hetiltedthewholeSongDynasty.Sincethen,thecombateffectivenessoftheNorthernSongarmyhasbeengreatlyweakened,sotheNorthernSongDynastyonlyexistedfor168years.However,theestablishmentoftheNorthernSongDynastymadeKaifengaworld-classmetropolisatthattime.
Withapopulationofmorethanonemillion,thefamouspainting"QingmingShangheTu"isatrueportrayalofKaifengatthattime.StandingontheplatformofLongtinghall,thecityofKaifengisknownastheancientcapitalofsevendynastiesinthesouth.Inthewest,thereareQingmingShanghegarden,Hanyuansteleforest,TianboYangfuandotherscenicspots.Infrontofthem,PanYangLakeisliketwoclearmirrorswithboundlessbeauty,asiftellingusthepastofKaifengAndtoday'sendlessstories.
Well,myfriends,I'llbrieflyintroduceLongtingscenicarea.I'llgotoLongtingscenicarearightahead.Pleasepackupyourvaluablesandgetoffthebus.Followmetovisitthescenicarea.
Dearfriends:mynameisShen.YoucancallmeShenDao.NowI'dliketointroduceourLongtingParkinKaifeng.
LocatedinthenorthwestoftheancientcityofKaifeng,LongtingscenicspotisanidealscenicspotforChineseandforeigntourists.Inhistory,sevendynastiesestablishedtheircapitalsinKaifeng.EspeciallyintheNorthernSongDynasty,Kaifengwasthecapitalfor168years.ThesiteoftheImperialPalaceinthosedaysisnowtheareaofLongting.ThenameofLongtingparkisLongtingbecausetheemperoratthattimewasknownasthe"realdragonemperor",sothisplacebecame"Longting".
EnteringthegateoftheDragonPavilion,wecanseeabroadavenueinfrontofus.Onbothsidesoftheavenuearevastlakes,whichmakeusfeelrelaxedandhappy.ThearchedstonebridgeatthefrontoftheroadiscalledYudaibridge.Jadebeltbridgeiscarvedwithwhitejadeandbluestone,andbelowitisclearlakewater.
Friends,wearenowinfrontoftheLongtinghall.Thehallislocatedona13meterhighbrickplatform,whichismagnificentandspectacularfromadistance.StandingontheplatformofLongtinghall,lookingsouth,thetwolakesareliketwomirrors,gracefulandquiet.AroyalroadleadsyouintothelonghistoryofKaifeng,theancientcapitalofsevendynasties.WehaveapanoramicviewofKaifengtoday.
Whetherthebeautifulsceneryandcharacteristiccontentsmakeyoufeellike"enjoyingtheroyalgardens,appreciatingthepasteventsofthepalaceandinterpretingtheriseandfalloftheDynasty".
Ladiesandgentlemen,thisistheendoftoday'stour.WewarmlywelcomeyoutothechrysanthemummeetinginLongtinginthegoldenautumn.Let'smeetinthegoldenautumnandgettogetheratthechrysanthemumflowermeeting.