景德镇人把手工制瓷作坊叫做坯房，就是生产瓷坯的场所。
Jingdezhenceramicsisfamousallovertheworld,anditistheplaceofofficialkilnsinhistory.
DuringtheperiodoftheRepublicofChina,itwasonceknownasthefourfamoustownsinChinatogetherwithFoshaninGuangdong,HankouinHubeiandZhuxianinHenan.
ThefollowingistheJingdezhenancientkilntourguide,welcometoreference!Jingdezhenancientkilntourguide1welcometohere!Iamyourguide,mynameisx,youcancallmesmallX.
Inordertofacilitateyourvisit,letmefirstintroduceyou.
ThefirststoptoJingdezhenistoseetheancientkiln.
TheancientkilnisthefirstancientkilninJingdezhen.Itsinteriorisverylargeandcomplex.
Potterycanbemadeinancientkilns.
Theolddiscisrotated,onwhichyoucanmakebottlesbyhand,andthenitisreadyafter3daysoffiringat1600degrees.
Youcanalsodrawallkindsofpicturesonthepottery,andyoucandrawanypatternyoulike.
Inordertoattracttourists,bandsarealsoarrangedheretoplayporcelainmusicalinstruments,includingflute,bell,Qin,erhu,etc.thesoundiscrispandpleasant,whichisverybeautiful.
Insidetheexhibitionisalsoworthseeing,althoughitisareplica,butitstillmakespeoplefeelgood-looking,thecoolestisthe108WaterMargincharactersporcelain,justliketherealone.
Atthepotterybar,Itouchedtheclaywithmyhand.Itwascoldandcomfortable.
Imadeonemyselfwiththehelpofmymaster.
It'sgoodtoseemywork.
Deartourists,welcometoJingdezhenancientkilnfactory.I'myourguide__.
NowIwillusemytimeontheroadtotellyousomethingaboutceramics.
Asthesayinggoes:peopletakefoodastheirheaven,andfoodneedsutensils.Itcanbeseenthatceramicsarecloselyrelatedtohumancivilization.
Wehumansinventedpotteryasearlyas5000or6000yearsago,andporcelainwasdevelopedonthebasisofpottery.
Porcelainismoredelicatethanpottery.
Smooth.
Hard.
Thefiringtemperatureisalsohigher.Anotherpointisthatporcelainismadefromporcelainore,whilepotteryismadefromclay.
AnotherexplanationofChinaisthatporcelainisasfamousasChinaabroad.
AndthemostrepresentativeporcelainisinJingdezhen,whichisknownasthecapitalofporcelain.EvenJingdezhenistheoriginofporcelain.
Inancienttimes,becauseJingdezhenwaslocatedinthesouthofChangjiangRiver,itwascalledChangnantown.Later,itwascalledXinpingtownandFuliangtown.
ItwasnotuntiltheNorthernSongDynastythatZhaoHeng,EmperorZhenzongoftheSongDynasty,decidedthatZhongyingceladonwasimperialporcelainbecausehesawtheplaceoforiginoftheceladon.Everybatchofporcelainmadebythecraftsmenwasmarkedwith"Jingdeyearsystem",sotheimperialcourtcalledtheplaceoforiginofthiskindofporcelain"Jingdezhen".
TheporcelainthatJingdezhenpeopleareproudofis"blueandwhiteporcelain,exquisiteporcelain,pastelporcelain,coloredglazeandthinbodyporcelain.
Theyareaswhiteasjade,asbrightasamirror,asloudasachime,andasthinaspaper.
Well,nowwehavecometofulonggangintheWesturbanarea.Thisancientbuilding,whichiscoveredbytrees,istheancientkilnporcelainfactorywearegoingtovisittoday.AsfarasIknow,thereisonlyonesuchporcelainfactoryintheworld.
Whoknowswhyitiscalled"ancientkilnporcelainfactory"?BecausethisfactoryusesthemethodofJingdezhenMingandQingDynastiestomakeporcelain.Theporcelainmakingprocess,tools,workshopsandkilnsareancient,andtheproductsaremostlyantique,soitiscalled.
Next,pleasefollowmein.
Enteringthisblankroom,youcanseethattheancientporcelainmakingworkshopiscomposedoffourparts:themainroom,thechamber,themudroomandtheinnercourtyard.ThemainroomandthechambermatchinNorthandsouth,andtheyareparallel.Themudroomislocatedinthewest,andthemiddleisarectangularinnercourtyard.
Amongthem,themainbodyofthegreenhouseisthemainroom,facingsouth,withsufficientlighting.Alltheworkshopsfortheproductionofporcelainarecompletedhere.Thewindlassisthemainequipmentfortheproductionofporcelain,andthewarehouseistheplaceforstoringrawmaterials.
Themudroomisfilledwithrefinedmud,andtheinnercourtyardisanaturaldryplaceforporcelain.Inthemiddleoftheinnercourtyard,thereisasunrackpond,whichisthemostimportantequipmentintheancientworkshop,anditisveryingenious.Whoknowsitsbeauty?Itsbeautyisthatthepoolandsunpoolmakeuseofthespaceandreducethelandoccupation.
Comeandseethismaster.Heisputtingaballofmudontheheadofthepulley.Hishandsaretouchingeachother.Withtherotationofthewheel,therudimentofabowlappears.Thisis"makingbillet,commonlyknownasdrawingbillet".
Let'sseehereagain.Themasterisconcentratingonspinning,drawingthefirstbatchtoacertainextent,andthenusingaknifeonthepulleycartocutitintotherequiredbatch,commonlyknownas"spinning"or"sharpening".Ofcourse,thetechnologicalprocessoftheancientkilnporcelainfactoryalsoincludespaintingporcelain,glazingandenteringthekiln.Lookatthesemasterspaintingporcelainhere.Let'sseehowlongittakestodrawabowl.Yes,ittakesonly10seconds,Thebowlisfullofcolorfulcamellia.
Let'sgothisway.Let'stakealookatthekilnhousethatturnstheporcelainbodyintoporcelain.Firingporcelaininthekilnhousedependsonthepracticeofworkers,strictlaborcombinationandfinedivisionoflabor.
Thereisatechnicaldirectorinthekiln,whoiscalled"masterBozhuang".
WhenitcomestoBa,MasterZhuangcan'ttalkaboutTongBin.
HewasafamousmasterofbazhuanginWanliperiod.Hewashighlyskilled,uprightandrespectedbykilnworkers.
Atthattime,hewasorderedtomaketheextralargeblueandwhitedragonVAT.TongBinandtheporcelainworkerstriedeverymeanstomakeit,butitfailedmanytimes.Seeingthatthedeliverydatewasapproaching,itwashardtodisobeytheemperor'sorders.Forthesakeofthelifeoftheporcelainworkers,hejumpedintoaragingfireatthecriticalmomentofthefiringprocessagain.
It'sstrangetosaythathereallysucceededthistime.PeoplesaythatitwasbecauseTongBinshowedhisspirit.Later,peoplenamedhim"fenghuoxian".It'saboutthestoryofMasterZhuang-TongBinjumpinginthekiln.
MasterBaZhuangisthechiefpersoninchargeofthewoodkilnfiringprocess.Heisresponsibleforallkindsoftechnicalproblemsinthefiringprocess.Whentheporcelainisreadytobecookedbutnotyetripe,thetimetostopfiringisthemostcritical.Ifthefiringtimeistoolong,theporcelainwillburnyelloworevenfallintothekiln.Ifthefiringtimeistooshort,theporcelainwillnotbecookedagain.Atthistime,masterBaZhuang'seyesarecompletelyreliedon.
Ladiesandgentlemen,that'stheendoftoday'stour.IhopeIcanguideyoulater.
thankyou!!
Inordertofacilitateyourvisit,letmefirstintroduceyou.
Jingdezhenisafamousporcelaincapitalathomeandabroad.TogetherwithFoshan,HankouandZhuxian,itisalsoknownasthefourfamoustownsinChina.Itisoneofthe24famoushistoricalandculturalcitiesinChinaandaclassaopencityannouncedbytheStateCouncil.
Ithasjurisdictionoveronecity,onecountyandtwodistricts,namelyLepingCity,FuliangCounty,ZhushandistrictandChangjiangDistrict,coveringanareaof5256squarekilometers.
JingdezhenisanimportantpartofPoyangLakeEcologicalEconomicZone,andalsoanimportantnationallandscapeecologicalhistoricalandculturalcity.
Jingdezhenhasahighlevelofeconomicdevelopment,andhasaccelerateditsrisesince2002.Itisestimatedthatby2020,thepercapitaGDPwillexceedUS$10000,basicallyrealizingmodernization.
Jingdezhenhasalonghistoryofporcelainmaking,finequalityofporcelainproductsandgreatinfluenceonforeigncountries."Porcelaincapital"hasbecomethepronounofJingdezhen.
By2007,JingdezhenhaswonthetitleofChina'sexcellenttouristcity,NationalEcologicalGardenCity,nationalcivilizedandhealthycity,andadvancedcityofJiangxiProvinceinbuildingacivilizedcity.ItnotonlymadeazerobreakthroughinsuchrecordsinJiangxiProvince,butalsobecamethefourthconsecutivechampioninsuchassessmentinJiangxiProvince.
OnSeptember26,1985,theEighthPeople'sCongressofJingdezhencityofthepeople'sRepublicofChinaapprovedtheselectionofcamphortreeasJingdezhencitytreeandCamelliaasJingdezhencityflower.
Theancientkilnporcelainfactoryistheproductionareaofancientceramics,whichvividlyrepresentsthewholeprocessofJingdezhenancientceramicproductiontechnology.
Herearesixancientbuildings,whicharepreciousexamplesofancientindustrialbuildingsinChina.
EachgroupofembryosquareislikeaclosedSanhecourtyardorquadrangle,whichiscomposedofthreeorfourbuildingsopentothecourtyard.
Intheembryoroom,theworkersusethetraditionalhand-madeporcelaintechnologytomakethevisitorsmarvel.
ThereisalsoasimpleandtallTownkilninthefactory.
Thekilnusespinewoodasfuel.
Thekilnis18meterslong.Itisintheshapeofgooseegg,biginthefrontandsmallintheback.Athin-walledchimneyabout21metershighisbuiltatthetail.
Thisistheresultoftheancientarchitecturalcraftsman'sskillfuluseofthecenterofgravityandcurvedshapeofcurvedwoodtoerectanderectbeams.ItcanbesaidthatithasuniqueingenuityandisalsoagreatspectacleinthehistoryofChinesearchitecture.