湖南省长沙市南雅中学2022-2023学年新高一入学考试英语测试考生注意：本试卷共三道大题，共51道小题，满分100分，时量75分钟。第一部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
湖南省长沙市南雅中学2022-2023学年新高一入学考试英语测试
考生注意：本试卷共三道大题，共51道小题，满分100分，时量75分钟。
第一部分阅读理解（共三节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Spring is just around thecorner，but if you are tired of sunflowers，tulips（郁金香）and other standard gardens，why not head to one of these mysterious andwonderful botanical gardens？
Butchart Gardens，British Columbia，Canada
One of the rarest flowersyou'll find at Butchart Gardens is the Meconopsis，otherwiseknown as the Tibetan blue poppy．The most impressive flowers can be found in theborders，where you'll find over one million bedding plants．And although the gardens are famous for their perennials（多年生植物），300，000 spring-flowering plants are grown every year，and over 900 varieties of plants are grown．for thesummer gardens alone．
Kirstenbosch NationalBotanical Garden，Cape Town，SouthAfrica
Kirstenbosch NationalBotanical Garden is one of a handful of botanic gardens to grow only nativeplants．Some of the most popular varieties include the king protea，which produces enormous flowers between autumn and summer，and the rare silver tree，a silky-leaved plant，whichexperts believe could become extinct in the next 50 years．
Denver Botanic Gardens，Colorado，US
Once native to South Africa，these oddly-named flowers are famously drought-hardy，making them perfect for this part of North America．This garden is one of the few to focus on draught-tolerant plants fromColorado and the grasslands of Africa，Mongoliaand Argentina．In fact，Colorado is home to nine species of endangered plant，and several can be found here．
Arctic-Alpine Botanic Garden，Tromso，Norway
Visit the world'snorthernmost·botanical garden and you'll find a breathtaking collection of plantsfrom the world's polar and mountainous regions including，in the Himalaya section，the rare giant Tibetan blue poppy，with its huge flowers and metre-high stem．You'llalso see the Wilander buttercup，which can only．be foundin the quite terrible areas of Svalbard's unforgiving icy islands．
1．Which botanical garden only plants local species？
A．Arctic-Alpine Botanic Garden． B．Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden．
C．Butchart Gardens． D．Denver Botanic Gardens．
2．Which is typical of the Tibetan blue poppy？
A．Rare and hot-tolerant． B．Smelly and ill-looking．
C．Large and tall． D．Endangered and colorful．
3．What is the purpose of the text？
A．To analyze the features of plants． B．To makean advertisement．
C．To protect the endangered plants． D．Tointroduce some fantastic gardens．
B
I am a strong believer that ifa child is raised with approval，he learns to love himself and will be successful inhis own way．
Several weeks ago，I was doing homework with my son in the third grade and he kept standing upfrom his chair．I kept asking him to sit down，telling him that he would concentrate better．He sat but seconds later，as if he didn't even notice he was doing it，he got up again．I was getting angry，but thenit hit me：I started noticing his answers-were much quicker and right when he stood up．Could he concentrate better while standing up？
This made me start questioningmyself and what I had been raised to believe．I grewup to believe that a quiet child was more likely to succeed．This child would have．the ability to study hard，get good grades and become someone important in life．Kids that were active and loud would only be losers．
Now people perhaps come torealize that their kids are born with their own sets of DNA，and all they can do is loving and accepting them．As parents，throughout their growing years and beyond that，we need to guide them and help them find their way．
I have stopped asking my sonto sit down and concentrate．Clearly，he isconcentrating，just in his own way and not mine．We needto accept our kids，and their ways of doing things．There is nothing sweeter than seeing our children being themselves．It makes us happy and that's just the way I want my kids to live a happylife．
4．The author tried to keep his son seated so that _______．
A．he could pay more attention to his study
B．he could keep silent in the room
C．he could finish his homework on time
D．he couldn't disturb the author
5．Encouraged by the example of his son，theauthor began to doubt _______．
A．the importance of parents B．the love between kids and their parents
C．the good grades of some kids D．the old education concepts
6．What does the author think of teaching children？
A．Encouragement is important．
B．Children shouldn't be punished．
C．Children can't be taught in the same way．
D．Children should be taught to behave themselves．
7．In the opinion of the author，children should _______．
A．have no freedom B．have their own style
C．learn from their friends D．be friendly to their parents
C
Richard is a very a successfulbusinessman．It is common for him to work hard with a non-stop．He wasn't aware that he might wear himself out or die an early death untilhe overslept one morning，which was a sort of alarm．And then what happened？He had a week's leave during which time he readnovels，listened to music and walked with his wife on a beach，which has enabled Richard to return to work again．
In our modern life，we have lost the rhythm between action and rest．Amazingly，within this world there is a universal but silly saying：“I am so busy．”
We say this to one another asif our tireless efforts，were a talent by nature and an ability to successfullydeal with stress．The busier we are，the more important we seem to ourselves and，we imagine，to others．To be unavailable to our friends and family，and tobe unable to find time to relax - this has become the model of a successfullife．
Because we do not rest，we lose our way．We miss the guide telling us where to go，the food providing us with strength，thequiet giving us wisdom．
How have we allowed this tohappen？I believe it is this：we have forgotten the Sabbath，the day of the week - for followers of some religions - for rest andpraying．It is a day when we are not supposed to work，a timewhen we devote ourselves to enjoying and celebrating what is beautiful．It is a good time to bless our children and loved ones，give thanks，share meals，walk and sleep．It is a time for us to take a rest，to put our work aside，trusting that there are larger forces at worktaking care of the world．
Rest is a spiritual andbiological need；however，in our strong ambition to be successful and care for our manyresponsibilities，we may feel terribly guilty when we take time to rest．The Sabbath gives us permission to stop work．In fact，“Remember the Sabbath” is more than simply permission to．rest；it is a rule to obey and a principle to follow．
8．What's the function of the paragraph 1？
A．To tell us that Richard lives a healthy life
B．To give us a brief introduction of Richard
C．To bring up the topic of the passage．
D．To tell Richard is a successful businessman．
9．The “alarm” in the first paragraph refers to “ _______”．
A．a signal of stress B．a warning of danger
C．a sign of age D．a spread of disease
10．According to the passage during the Sabbath，what weshould do except _______．
A．Enjoying delicious meal． B．Taking a good break．
C．Praying for our family． D．Only working for two hours．
11．What is the main idea of this passage？
A．We should balance work with rest．
B．The Sabbath gives us permission to rest．
C．It is silly for anyone to say “I am busy”．
D．We should be available to our family and friends．
D
Researchers have developed awearable device（设备）．It is stretchy（有弹性的）enough that you can wear it like a ring，a bracelet or any other accessory that touches your skin．It also changes the body's temperature into electricity，about 1 volt of energy for every square centimeter of skin space - lessvoltage per area than what most existing batteries provide but still enough topower electronics like watches or fitness trackers．It can heal itself when damaged and is fully recyclable，making it a cleaner alternative（替代品）totraditional electronics．
The innovation（创新）begins with a base made out of a stretchy material called polyamine． The scientists then stick a series of thin heating chips into thatbase，connecting them all with liquid metal wires．Thefinal product looks like a Cross between a plastic watch and a minicomputermotherboard or maybe a diamond ring．
Just pretend that you're out fora jog．As you exercise，your body heats up，and thatheat will radiate out to the cool air around you．Thedevice catches that flow of energy instead of letting it go to waste．A person taking a quick walk could use a device the size of a typicalsports wristband to produce about 5 volts of electricity，which is more than what many watch batteries can hold．
The new devices are asstretchy as biological tissue．If your device tears，forexample，you can put together the broken ends，andthey'll seal back up in just a few minutes．
Researchers are trying to maketheir devices as cheap and reliable as possible，whilealso having as close to zero effect on the environment as possible．While there are still problems to work out in the design，they think that the devices could appear on the market in a few years．
12．Which of the following statements is false about the device？
A．It can repair itself． B．It can be recycled．
C．It can evaluate itself． D．It can transform energy．
13．How can a wearer make the device produce electricity？
A．By shaking it fast． B．By leaving it in the cool air．
C．By connecting it with watch batteries． D．Bygiving out heat．
14．What do the researchers think about the devices？
A．They will have a bright future． B．Theywill be expensive．
C．They can not be damaged by force． D．They arecompletely environment-friendly．
15．What is the best title for the text？
A．An Innovation in wearable Devices
B．A Great Exercise Companion
C．A New Function of Traditional Electronics
D．A Biological Battery in the Human Body
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How often do you have aconversation with someone，and think you are paying attention to him or her，only to realize shortly afterwards that you can't remember what he said？Or，perhaps you get distracted while he is speaking and miss the message thathe is trying to deliver．
__16__：TVs，radios，traffic noises，telephones，laptopsand so on，which can make it difficult to listen with our full attention．
But how can we listen moreeffectively？__17__．He said，“Mindfulness means paying attention in a particular way，with a purpose，at the present moment and non - judgmentally．”
__18__？Jon Kabat - Zinn describes three key elements of mindful listening that wecan use to improve our listening skills．
First of all，be present．When we listen mindfully，our focus should be on the person we are listeningto without distractions．Then develop empathy（共鸣）．We oftensee the world through our own experiences．Whenwe're empathetic，we can understand a situation from someone else's point of view．__19__．Our cues are the thoughts，feelings and physical reactions that we have whenwe feel anxious or angry，and they can block out ideas and perspectives thatwere uncomfortable with．Mindful listening can help us to be more aware ofour cues．__20__
In conclusion，the rule is straightforward：simply “Listen”! Listen carefully and attentively．
Pay full attention to the other person，anddon't let other thoughts，like what we are going to say next，distract us．
A．Finally，listen to our own “cues” B．Professor Jon Kabat - Zinn put forward the idea of mindful listening C．But how can we apply mindful listening to our life D．At last，“cues” helps us understand the speaker's ideas E．In today's busy world，modern life is full of distractions F．What can we do with mindful listening G．Besides，it allows us to choose not to let them block communication |
第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
You may have seen a barista（咖啡师）pour milk foam（奶泡）into a coffee，then youcan see a beautiful pattern（图案）．But have you seen the art in a cup of tea？
Dian cha is a tea at from theSong Dynasty．The art begins with pouring water over fine powdered（粉状的）tea，creating a paste（糊）and then adding more hot water，whisking（搅动）it by hand with a bamboo whisk．It isbelieved that the art later spread to other parts of East Asia，including Japan．In 2019，it waslisted as an intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）of Runzhoudistrict Zhenjiang city，Jiangsu province．
The Shanghai designer HanZhemin has been interested in dian cha since childhood．“My mother loves traditional culture and I have been influenced，” said Han．After he graduated from the China Academy of Art in Zhejiang province in2006，Han tried his best to reviving（复兴）the artform．
He said during the process ofdian cha，the froth（泡沫）tried his best to paper while the tea paste is like ink．But “drawing” on the tea foam is not easy．“Traditionalpaintings is about the soft brush against the hard paper，but the tea is about the hard teaspoon and the soft froth．” Han said．
Creating patterns on the teafoam is careful but quick work．Usually，thewhole process has to be completed within 10 minutes．The ideal state is when the tea's temperature is around 40℃ and ready forthe palate（味觉）．“Usually，it takes a year of practice for one to be able to do it，” Han added．
To spread dian cha culture，Han put the process of tea whisking and drawing on social media platforms，including Xiaohongshu，Bilibili and Douyin，attractingmore than 20，000 followers．When taking about tea art Han said we should increase the beauty ratherthan change the essence（本质）of tea．“I wantmore people to understand the processes and reasons of tea making，” he explained．
21．When was dian cha listed as an intangible cultural heritage？
22．Why has Han Zhemin shown interest in dian cha？
23．What is difficult for Han Zhemin during the process of dian cha？
24．Why did Han Zhemin share the process of dian cha on social media platforms？
25．How can you spread tea art？
第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a dark night．Thick，dark，gray clouds had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to__26__ me as I walked out of my porch（门厅）．Still，I kept the porch light off because I didn't want to be __27__ by bugs andmoths（飞蛾）on this sticky __28__ evening．I stood there for a while letting my eyes adjust to the lack of __29__．
It was then，though，that I saw them．First one blink of light at the far end of the__30__ followed by another and then another．I __31__．I recognized them at once as my firefly（萤火虫）friends，my lightning bug buddies who always __32__ this time of the year．
When I was little I used tosit in the grass and watch them __33__ fly around blinking on and off．I never __34__ and put one in a jar as some kids did because I never wantedto hurt these messengers of light．Their time on this earth was so __35__ as it was．I tried to enjoy them each night they were here．It always __36__ me when they disappeared in the fall and it always made myheart sing when they __37__ the next summer．
We are like them in a lot ofways．Our __38__ here on earth is brief．Oftenour light of love is more like on and off blinks rather than a __39__ shine．Still，we do our best to share it and take __40__ in knowing that others will beshining their light long after we are gone．
26．A．show B．impact C．please D．greet
27．A．troubled B．injured C．shined D．tracked
28．A．spring B．winter C．fall D．summer
29．A．heat B．water C．light D．air
30．A．porch B．room C．grassland D．forest
31．A．wept B．smiled C．cried D．sighed
32．A．turned out B．gave in C．settled down D．showed up
33．A．frequently B．slowly C．nervously D．cautiously
34．A．saw B．hit C．caught D．got
35．A．hard B．terrible C．useful D．brief
36．A．depressed B．surprised C．confused D．excited
37．A．reappeared B．reduced C．returned D．reacted
38．A．hope B．life C．mind D．memory
39．A．bright B．faint C．steady D．clear
40．A．delight B．comfort C．action D．interest
第二节语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shadow theater is a unique artform in China．Thanks to the basic principle of light and shadow projected（投影）onto a screen，performers use puppets（玩偶）__41__（make）from animal skins to tell stories in a form of opera．Two thousand years ago，the sadness of Emperor Wu of the Western HanDynasty over the death of his favorite lover was __42__（full）relieved by the projection of her figure through a game of lights．This started __43__ is now known in China as the earliest form of shadowplay．
Among all the country'sbranches，Beijing shadow theater stands out __44__ its techniques and its specifictunes．It __45__（experience）a long period of formation and now features unique performance methods．Its vocal（声乐的）tone and actual puppets draw __46__（inspire）from Kunqu Opera and Peking Opera．
In the past，the shadow theater __47__（perform）in thefields，with all performers hidden behind the scenes；somecontrolled the puppets and sang，while others managed the music．A performing group would consist of six or seven people and a box ofpuppets．When people put on __48__ play at a market，a lightbox and a curtain would be enough __49__（start）the show．Requiring only a few things，the theater was characterized by its mobility，often __50__（appear）at weddings，dinner parties and Chinese New Year celebrations．
第三部分应用文写作（满分20分）
假定你是李华，一名高一在校生。你校将要举办新生英语夏令营活动，请你作为学生代表发言。内容包括：
1．祝贺他们升入高中；
2．分享你过去一年的学习经验；
3．提出你的假期安排建议。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3．发言稿的开头及首句已为你写好。
Dear schoolmates，
Good morning，everyone．I'm Li Hua，a student from Class 5，Grade 1．
湖南省长沙市南雅中学2022-2023学年新高一入学考试英语测试
入学考试参考答案英语
【答案】
1-3：BCD 4-7：ADCB 8-11：CBDA 12-15：CDAA
16-20：EBCAG
【解析】
A
1．B.细节理解题。根据Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden,Cape Town,South Africa中的Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden is one of a handful of botanicgardens to grow only native plants. （康斯坦博西国家植物园是少数几个只种植本土植物的植物园之一。）可知，康斯坦博西国家植物园只种植本地物种。故选B。
2．C.细节理解题。根据Arctic-Alpine Botanic Garden,Tromso, Norway中的Visitthe world's northernmost botanical garden and you'll find a breathtakingcollection of plants from the world's polar and mountainous regionsincluding,in the Himalaya section,the rare giant Tibetan blue poppy,with itshuge flowers and metre-high stem. （参观世界上最北的植物园，你会发现来自世界极地和山区的令人惊叹的植物收藏，包括在喜马拉雅地区，罕见的巨大的西藏蓝色罂粟，它有着巨大的花朵和一米高的茎干。）可知，西藏蓝罂粟又大又高。故选C。
3．D.目的意图题。根据第一段Spring is just around the corner,but if you are tired of sunflowers,tulips （郁金香） and other standard gardens,why not head to one of these mysterious andwonderful botanical gardens？（春天就要来了，但如果你厌倦了向日葵、郁金香和其他标准的花园，为什么不去这些神秘而美妙的植物园呢？）可推断，文章的目的是介绍一些奇妙的植物园。故选D。
B
4．A．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句I kept asking him to sit down, telling him that he would concentratebetter.（我不断地要求儿子坐下来，并告诉他要更集中注意力于学习。）可知，作者不断地要求儿子坐下来，这样他可以更集中注意力于学习。故选A.
5．D．推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句I was getting annoyed, but then it hit me： Istarted noticing his answers were much quicker and right when he stood up.（我注意到，当儿子站在的时候，他的答案更准确，更快。所以我开始怀疑自己之前的想法）再根据第三段前两句This made me start questioning myself and what I had been raised tobelieve. I was raised to believe that a quiet child was more likely to succeed.（这让我开始质疑我自己和我从小就相信的东西。我从小就相信安静的孩子更容易成功。）可知，作者怀疑之前的教育方法了。故选D.
6．C．推理判断题。根据最后一段二、三句Obviously, he is concentrating, just in his own way and not mine. We needto accept our kids, and their ways of doing things.（显然，他在集中精力，只是以他自己的方式，而不是我的方式。我们需要接受我们的孩子，以及他们做事的方式。）因此推断每个孩子都有自己不同的特点，我们要因材施教，不能使用同样的方法来教育不同的孩子的。故选C.
7．B．细节理解题。根据最后一段二、三句Obviously, he is concentrating, just in his own way and not mine. We needto accept our kids, and their ways of doing things.（显然，他在集中精力，只是以他自己的方式，而不是我的方式。我们需要接受我们的孩子，以及他们做事的方式。）因此可知孩子们都有自己的特点和行为风格。故选B.
C
8．C.推理判断题。根据第一段内容"Richard is a very a successful businessman.It is common for him towork hard with a non-stop.He wasn't aware that he might wear himself out or diean early death until he overslept one morning,which was a sort of alarm.Andthen what happened？He had a week's leave during which time he readnovels,listened to music and walked with his wife on a beach,which has enabledRichard to return to work again.（理查德是一位非常成功的商人。他不停地努力工作是很常见的。他没有意识到自己可能会疲惫不堪，或者过早早逝，直到有一天早上他睡过头了，这是一种提醒。然后他休假了一周，期间他读小说，听音乐，和妻子在海滩上散步，这让理查德又可以回去工作了）"讲述了一个成功的商人理查德不间断的工作直到累到早晨没有按时醒来，才意识到自己的问题，于是离开工作去休假。第二段"In our modern life,we have lost the rhythm between action andrest.Amazingly,within this world there is a universal but silly saying： "I am so busy."（在现代生活中，我们已经失去了行动和休息之间的节奏。令人惊讶的是，在这个世界上有一个普遍而愚蠢的说法："我太忙了。）"提出了本文的主题人们只工作，不会休息，因此推断第一段的作用是引出文章的话题。故选C。
9．B.词义猜测题。下文"He had a week's leave during which time he read novels,listened tomusic and walked with his wife on a beach,which has enabled Richard to returnto work again.（他休假了一周，期间他读小说，听音乐，和妻子在海滩上散步，这让理查德又可以回去工作了）"讲述了理查德离开工作去休假，上文"He wasn't aware that he might wear himself out or die an early deathuntil he overslept one morning（直到有一天早上他睡过头了，他才意识到自己可能会疲惫不堪或早逝）"讲述理查德没有意识到自己会疲惫，或者会早逝，直到有一天睡过了头，which指代上文的内容，因此推断这次睡过头是一个危险的警告，提醒了理查德应该去休假，故alarm指的是"危险的警告"。A.a?signal?of?stress压力的信号；B.a?warning?of?danger危险警告；C.a?sign?of?age年龄的标志；D.a?spread?of?disease疾病的传播。故选B。
10．D.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的"It is a day when we are not supposed to work,a time when we devoteourselves to enjoying and celebrating what is beautiful.It is a good time tobless our children and loved ones,give thanks,share meals,walk and sleep.It isa time for us to take a rest,to put our work aside,trusting that there arelarger forces at work taking care of the world.（这是一个我们不应该工作的日子，一个我们致力于享受和庆祝美好事物的日子。这是一个祝福我们的孩子和所爱的人，表示感恩，分享食物，散步和睡觉的好时机。是我们休息的时候，把工作放在一边，相信有更大的力量在照顾这个世界。）"可知，在休息日，我们应该为家人祈祷，好好休息，享受美食，不应该工作。故选D。
11．A.主旨大意题。根据第三段的"Because we do not rest,we lose our way.We miss the guide telling uswhere to go,the food providing is with strength,the quiet giving us wisdom.（因为我们不休息，我们就会迷失方向。我们想念导游告诉我们该去哪里，食物给我们力量，安静给我们智慧。）"和最后一段的"Rest is s spiritual and biological need；（休息是精神和生理上的需要）"和"In fact, "Remember the Sabbath" is more than simplypermission to rest；it is a rule to obey and a principle to follow.（事实上，"记住安息日"不仅仅是允许你休息；它是要遵守的规则，是要遵循的原则。）"以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了不要只是记住工作，也要学会休息，要平衡工作和休息。故选A。
D
12．C.细节理解题。思路点拨根据第一段的"It also changes the body' s temperature into electricity" 和"It can heal itself when damaged and is fully recyelable它还能将身体的温度转化为电能。"和"当它被损坏时可以自我修复，并且完全可以回收" 可知，新发明的可穿戴设备可改变能量形式，自我修复而且可循环利用。但是文章没有提到自我评估。故选C。
13．D.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"As?you?exercise,your?body?heats?up,and?that?heat?will?radiate?out?to?the?cool?air?around?you.The?device?catches?that?flow?of?energy?instead?of?letting?it?go?to?waste.当你运动时，你的身体会变热，热量会辐射到你周围的冷空气中。这个装置会捕捉能量流，而不是让它浪费掉。"可知，设备通过吸收身体散发的热量来发电。故选D。
14．A.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"While?there?are?still?problems?to?work?out?in?the?design,they?think?that?the?devices?could?appear?on?the?market?in?a?few?years.尽管在设计上仍然存在一些问题，但他们认为这些设备可能在几年后上市。"可推知，研发人员对自己开发的设备很有信心，认为它们的前景。故选1。
15．A.标题归纳题。通读文章可知，文本主要讲述科学家发明了一种新的可佩戴设备，该设备具有柔软、改变能量形式、自我修复而且绿色环保的近乎完美的特性。A.An?Innovation?in?Wearable?Devices可穿戴设备的创新；B.A?Great?Exercise?Companion一个很好的运动伙伴；C.A?New?Function?of?Traditional?Electronics传统电子学的新功能；D.A?Biological?Battery?in?the?Human?Body人体内的生物电池。所以最佳标题是穿戴设备的创新。故选B。
【导语】本文是说明文。主要说明了倾听他人时容易分心的原因，提出了提高倾听效率的方法——用心倾听，及培养用心倾听的三个核
心要素。
16．根据空格后的冒号及冒号后的内容“TVs,radios,traffic noises,telephones,laptops.…. our full attention.(电视、收音机、交通噪音、电话、笔记本电脑等都会让我们难以全神贯注地听）”可知，空格后向我们解释了导致我们分心的因素有哪些，所以空格处是要说明现代生活充满让人们分心的事物。E选项中的“distractions”与后面句子中的“.…difficult to listen with our full attention(难以全神贯注地听）”进行呼应。故选E。
17．根据空格后的人称代词“He”可以判断，空格处需要先引出这个人是谁。G选项指出了是Professor Jon Kabat-Zinn提出了用心倾听的理念。另外，本段主要是要给我们引出提高倾听效率的方法--用心倾听，根据段落中心词也可以判断B选项合适。故选B。
18．根据空格后的问号及下文内容“three key elements（三个关键因素）”可知，空格处的问题主要围绕如何将用心倾听运用到我们的生活中。选项C符合题意，故选C。
19．根据上文“three key elements.…first of all.…then.… (三个关键因素………首先……其次……)”及下文“Our cues are the thoughts,feelings and physical reactions(我们的提示是思想、感觉和身体反应）”可知，空格处要介绍第三个因素且要引出cues这个词。
此外，祈使句“Finally,listen to our own“cues”与上文“Firstof all,be present”、“Then develop empathy”句式对等。故选A。
20．根据上文“Mindful listening can help us to be more aware of our cues(用心倾听可以帮助我们更好地意识到自己的暗示）”可知，此处介绍“Mindful listening”的好处，紧接着写另一个好处“it allows us to choose not to let them blockcommunication(它允许我们选择不让他们阻碍交流）”符合句意。且G选项中的代词“it”指代上文“mindful listening”。故选G。
21．In 2019．
22．Because his mother loves traditional culture and he has been influenced．
23．"Drawing" on the tea foam．
24．To spread dian cha culture．
25．We can learn more about it and share on social media platforms．（开放性试题，无标准答案，言之有理即可。）
【解析】导语：本文介绍了中国的点茶文化。
21．细节理解题。根据In 2019，it?was?listed?as?an?intangible?cultural?heritage.（2019年被列为非物质文化遗产。）可知2019年被列为非物质文化遗产。故答案为：In 2019.
22．细节理解题。根据My?mother?loves?traditional?culture?and?I?have?been?influenced.（我母亲热爱传统文化，我也受到了影响）可知他母亲热爱传统文化，他也受到了影响。故答案为：Because his mother loves traditional culture and he has been influenced.
23．细节理解题。根据But "drawing" on?the?tea?foam?is?not?easy. （但在茶叶泡沫上"作画"并不容易。）可知在茶叶泡沫上"作画"并不容易。故答案为："Drawing" on the tea foam.
24．细节理解题。根据To?spread?dian?cha?culture,Han?put?the?process?of?tea?whisking?and?drawing?on?social?media?platforms（为了传播点茶文化，韩将泡茶和绘画的过程放在社交媒体平台上）可知为了传播点茶文化。故答案为：To spread dian cha culture.
25．个人观点题。我认为可以多学习点茶，并在媒体平台分享，故答案为：We can learn more about it and share on social media platforms.
【答案】
26-30：DADCC 31-35：BDBCD 36-40：AABCB
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者晚上到院子里，遇到喜爱的萤火虫，并且认为人类和萤火虫一样，在这个星球上，生命短暂，但即便如此，我们也要努力地用微光照亮世界。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走出门廊时，厚厚的乌云证实没有星光或月光迎接我。A.show展示；B.impact影响，问候；C.please取悦；D.greet迎接。根据前面的“there was no starlight or moonlight to”和后面的“me as Iwalked out on my porch”可知，作者走出来的时候，因为漆黑一片，因此没有月光和星光来迎接他，此处为拟人用法。故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是关掉了门廊的灯，因为我不想在这个湿热的夏夜被虫子和飞蛾骚扰。A.troubled困扰；B.injured伤害；C.shined闪耀；D.tracked追踪。根据上文的“I kept the porch light off”和后面的“bugs and moths”可知，作者不喜欢被虫子和飞蛾等袭扰，而把灯关掉。故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是关掉了门廊的灯，因为我不想在这个湿热的夏夜被虫子和飞蛾骚扰。A.spring春天；B.winter冬天；C.fall秋天；D.summer夏天。结合后面的“summer evening”和常识可知当时是夏季。故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在那儿站了一会儿，让眼睛适应光线的缺乏。A.heat高温；B.water水；C. light光线；D.air空气。根据上文的“there was no starlight or moonlight”和“Ikeptthe porch light off”可知当时没有光，作者在那里站了一会儿,是为了让眼睛适应光线不足的情况。故选C。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先是草原尽头的一闪一闪，接着是另一闪一闪。A.porch门廊；B.room房间；C.grassland草原；D. forest森林。根据后文“When I was little I used to sit in the grass and watch them”可知，作者小时候常常坐在草地上，看着萤火虫，说明萤火虫出现在草原尽头。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我微笑了。A.wept哭泣；B.smiled微笑；C.cried哭泣；D.sighed叹息。据下文的“I recognized them at once as my firefly friends”可知，作者看到了自己的萤火虫朋友，应该是微笑了。故选B。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一眼就认出他们是我的萤火虫朋友，我的闪电虫伙伴，它们总是在每年的这个时候出现。A.turned out结果是；B.gave in屈服；C.settled down定居；D.showed up露面。根据常识可知，萤火虫总是在每年的夏季晚上出现。故选D。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我小的时候，我常常坐在草地上，看着它们忽明忽暗慢慢地飞来飞去。A.fearfully可怕地；B.slowly缓慢地；C.nervously紧张地；D.cautiously谨慎地。根据常识和下文“put one in a jar as some kids did”可知，孩子们能逮住萤火虫说明它飞得慢。故选B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有像一些孩子那样抓住它们并放进罐子里，因为我从来不想伤害这些光的使者。A.saw看见；B.hit打击；C.caught抓住；D.got得到。根据后面的“put one in a jar as some kids did”可知，只有逮住萤火虫才能放进罐子里。故选C。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们在世上的时间是如此短暂。A.hard努力的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.useful有用的；D.brief短暂的。由下文“they disappeared in the fall”和“theyreappeared the next summer”可知，夏天出现的萤火虫，秋天消失，所以萤火虫在地球上的时间很短暂。故选D。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们在秋天消失时，我总是感到沮丧；当它们在第二年夏天再次出现时，我的心总是在歌唱。A.depressed使沮丧；B.surprised惊讶；C.confused使困惑；D.excited使激动。作者把萤火虫当作朋友，所以当它们在秋天消失时，总是让作者感到沮丧。故选A。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们在秋天消失时，我总是感到沮丧；当它们在第二年夏天再次出现时，我的心总是在歌唱。A.reappeared再次出现；B.reduced产生；C.returned 返回；D.reacted反应。作者喜欢萤火虫，把它们当朋友，结合后面的“when they reappeared the next summer”可知，当它们在第二年夏天再次出现时，作者很开心。故选A。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在地球上的生命是短暂的。A.hope希望；B.life生活；C.mind思维；D.memory记忆，生命。根据前面的“We are like them in a lot of ways.”和后面的“here onearth is brief”可知，作者感慨人类和这些萤火虫一样，人生短暂。故选B。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常，我们的爱之光更像是忽明忽暗闪烁的光，而不是稳定的光芒。A.bright明亮的；B.faint头晕的；C.steady稳定的；D.clear清楚的。与前面“on and off blinks”对比，指稳定的闪耀。故选C。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我们还是尽我们最大的努力去分享它，因为我们知道在我们死后，其他人仍将闪耀着他们的光芒，这让我们感到安慰。A.delight高兴；B.comfort安慰；C.action行动；D.interest兴趣。此处指虽然人生短暂，但我们仍要尽力发光，就算我们离去，也会有别人闪耀着他们的光芒，我们也就能够释怀了。take comfort in“感到宽慰”。故选В.
【答案】
41．made 42．fully 43．what 44．for
45．has experienced 46．inspiration 47．was performed 48．a
49．to start 50．appearing
【解析】41．made.考查过去分词。句意：由于光影投影到屏幕上的基本原理，表演者使用动物皮制成的木偶以歌剧的形式讲述故事。此处为非谓语动词作定语，puppets与nake之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填made。
42．fully.考查副词。句意：两千年前，西汉武帝因心爱的人去世而悲痛欲绝，通过一场灯光游戏将她的身影投射出来，这一切都得到了充分的缓解。此处用副词作状语修饰动词relieved,故填fully。
43．what.考查宾语从句。句意：这开始了中国现在所知的最早的皮影戏形式。此处引导started的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示"形式"，故填what。
44．for.考查介词。句意：北京皮影戏以其精湛的技艺和独特的曲调在全国众多皮影剧种中脱颖而出。for表示"因为"符合句意，故填for。
45．has experienced.考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：它经历了漫长的形成期，现在具有独特的性能方法。结合句意和a?long?period可知，此处用现在完成时，主语为it,谓语动词用三单形式，故填has experienced。
46．inspiration.考查不可数名词。句意：它的声调和真人木偶灵感来自昆曲和京剧。此处用名词作draw的宾语，表示"灵感"，为不可数名词，故填inspiration。
47．was performed.考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：过去，皮影戏是在田野里表演的，所有的演员都隐藏在幕后。时间状语为In?the?past,句子用一般过去时，主语the?shadow?theater与perform之间是被动关系，故填was performed。
48．a.考查冠词。句意：当人们在市场上演出时，一个灯箱和一个幕布就足够开始演出了。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，play为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
49．to start.考查动词不定式。句意：当人们在市场上演出时，一个灯箱和一个幕布就足够开始演出了。be enough to do表示"足够做某事"，故填to start。
50．appearing.考查现在分词。句意：剧院只需要几样东西，其特点是流动性强，经常出现在婚礼、晚宴和春节庆祝活动中。此处为非谓语动词作状语，a??few??things与appear之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故填appearing。
【答案】参考范文：
Dear schoolmates，
Good morning，everyone．I'm Li Hua，a student from Class 5，Grade 1．Congratulations，everyone! From today on，all of you will be part of our school，and start a new journey in your life．I feelhonored to have the chance to share some high school life experiences with you．
In the past year，I have experienced the excitement of becoming a high school student likeyou，but studying in the beginning was not as easy as expected．Now，I want to tell you the only way to earn respect from others is to work hardand achieve high grades．
As for the summer vacation，I suggest all of you make full use of it to be well prepared for the highschool life．First of all，take exercise for at least an hour daily，sincegood health is the basic of our study and work．What'smore，develop a good habit of study．Finally，doingsome housework is of equal importance．
Thank you for your listeningand may you have a good time in the coming year．
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的发言稿。要求考生作为学生代表发言祝贺高一新生升入高中，同时分享过去一年的学习经验以及对他们的假期安排建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
兴奋：excitement→thrill 首先：firstof all→ initially
此外:what's more→ besides/in addition 最后：finally→lastly /last but not least
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： Fro m today on,all ofyou will be part of our school, and start a new journey in your life.
拓展句：From today on, all ofyou will be part of our school, who will start a new journey in your life.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 Now.I want to tell you the only way to earn respect from others isto work hard and achieve high grades.(运用了省略that的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】First of all, take exercise for at least an hour daily,since good health is thebasic of our study and work. ( 运用了since引导的原因状语从句）
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